Differences between Matthew and Luke
This is explained by Eusebius of Caesarea who lived in the fourth century: Joseph's mother's first husband Heli died childless, after which Heli's half-brother Jacob married the widow according to the law of levirate marriage (Deu (5 Mos) 25:5–6, Luk 20:28). Thus Jacob became the biological father of Joseph (Mat 1:16), while Joseph was counted as the son of Heli (Luk 3:23) according to the law.
Heli and Jacob were half-brothers because they had different fathers and grandfathers (Luk 3:24, Mat 1:15), but they had the same mother. This mother was first married to Jacob's father and she got a son (Jacob). Then her first husband died and she remarried with Heli's father, and she got another son (Heli).
It was allowed for a widow to remarry with a man who wasn't a relative
of her first husband if she had a son with her first husband. This means that both genealogies in Matthew and Luke are of Joseph, none are of Mary.
Jesus' legal father Joseph according to the law was of the lineage of David
(Luke 1:27b, 2:4). He wasn't Jesus' biological father, see The Virgin Birth.
of her first husband if she had a son with her first husband. This means that both genealogies in Matthew and Luke are of Joseph, none are of Mary.
Jesus' legal father Joseph according to the law was of the lineage of David
(Luke 1:27b, 2:4). He wasn't Jesus' biological father, see The Virgin Birth.
See this explanation described in detail in the video The Genealogy of Jesus Christ.
Ungodly and evil kings are mentioned in Jesus' genealogy, such as Manasseh
and Amon (Mat 1:10). That there are sinners in Jesus' genealogy points to the fact that Jesus came into the world to save sinners (1 Tim 1:15) and is dependent
on God's grace and mercy, see Grace and Mercy in God's Attributes.
and Amon (Mat 1:10). That there are sinners in Jesus' genealogy points to the fact that Jesus came into the world to save sinners (1 Tim 1:15) and is dependent
on God's grace and mercy, see Grace and Mercy in God's Attributes.
Jesus had to be sinless in order to pay for our sins through his physical death
on the cross. This means that he had to be without sin when he was born
as a man. Adam acted as a representative of mankind. Eve didn't. All mankind
fell into sin because of Adam (Rom 5:12, 19, Psalm 51:5 (7 in some translations)). Adam brought death into the world because of his disobedience, see
The Biblical Creation and the Fall of Man. Sin entered the human race, Adam's failure became our failure. This sin is inherited through the father and not through the mother. Therefore, The Virgin Birth is required so that Jesus can be born as a man without sin (Mat 1:22-23, Isaiah 7:14). If not, he would only have been able to die for his own sins but not for the sins of others. Therefore, if Jesus hadn't been sinless, his sacrifice on the cross wouldn't have been accepted by God the Father
because of his holiness, see God is holy in God's Attributes.
on the cross. This means that he had to be without sin when he was born
as a man. Adam acted as a representative of mankind. Eve didn't. All mankind
fell into sin because of Adam (Rom 5:12, 19, Psalm 51:5 (7 in some translations)). Adam brought death into the world because of his disobedience, see
The Biblical Creation and the Fall of Man. Sin entered the human race, Adam's failure became our failure. This sin is inherited through the father and not through the mother. Therefore, The Virgin Birth is required so that Jesus can be born as a man without sin (Mat 1:22-23, Isaiah 7:14). If not, he would only have been able to die for his own sins but not for the sins of others. Therefore, if Jesus hadn't been sinless, his sacrifice on the cross wouldn't have been accepted by God the Father
because of his holiness, see God is holy in God's Attributes.
Genealogies in the Bible
- Mat 1:1–17
- Luke 3:23–38
- Jude 1:14a
- Gen (1 Mos) 5:1–32, 11:10–26
- Ruth 4:18–22
- 1 Chron 1:1–4, 17–27, 34, 2:1–15
Cainan:
Gen (1 Mos) 11:12 doesn't mention Cainan:
"When Arpachshad had lived 35 years, he fathered Shelah."
Luke 3:35b–36a mentions Cainan:
"the son of Shelah, the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad".
The Old Testament is based on the Masoretic Text which doesn't include Cainan. However, Cainan is included in the Septuagint, but not in older texts of the
Septuagint. Cainan is also not included in Luke's oldest texts.
The well-known historian Josephus doesn't include Cainan, nor does 1 Chron 1:18.
"When Arpachshad had lived 35 years, he fathered Shelah."
Luke 3:35b–36a mentions Cainan:
"the son of Shelah, the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad".
The Old Testament is based on the Masoretic Text which doesn't include Cainan. However, Cainan is included in the Septuagint, but not in older texts of the
Septuagint. Cainan is also not included in Luke's oldest texts.
The well-known historian Josephus doesn't include Cainan, nor does 1 Chron 1:18.
Conclusion: Cainan shouldn't be included in Luke 3:36a.
Hezron's offspring:
Luke 3:33a mentions Admin and Arni instead of Ram:
"the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron".
Mat 1:3b–4a: "Hezron the father of Ram, and Ram the father of Amminadab".
Ruth 4:19: "Hezron fathered Ram, Ram fathered Amminadab".
1 Chron 2:9-10a: "The sons of Hezron that were born to him:
Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai. Ram fathered Amminadab".
"the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron".
Mat 1:3b–4a: "Hezron the father of Ram, and Ram the father of Amminadab".
Ruth 4:19: "Hezron fathered Ram, Ram fathered Amminadab".
1 Chron 2:9-10a: "The sons of Hezron that were born to him:
Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai. Ram fathered Amminadab".
