The Parable of the Tenants

There was a master who planted a vineyard which he leased out to tenants and then went to another country. When the fruit season approached, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his fruit. But the tenants took his servants, beat one, killed another, and stoned another. Again he sent other servants, more than the first. And they did the same to them. Finally he sent his son to them. But they took him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. When the owner of the vineyard returns, he will kill the tenants and release the vineyard to other tenants who will give him the fruits. (Mat 21:33–39, Mark 12:1–8, Luk 20:9–15a).

We have the following images in this parable:

• The vineyard: The Jews of Israel, see The Vineyard of the Lord Destroyed.
• The tenants and the builders: The religious and political leaders in Israel.
• The servants: God's prophets in the Old Testament and John the Baptist.
• The master: God the Father.
• The son: Jesus, Son of God, see The Trinity.

Jesus declared himself to be the Son of God. He is the owner. Watch the short video describing this parable from time 2:15 in Who Did Jesus Think He Was?

The parable shows God's patience with us. It also shows that the kingdom of God would be taken away from the leaders of Israel (the chief priests, the Pharisees, 
and the leaders of the people) and from the people of Israel and given to a people (the Gentiles) producing its fruits. (Mat 21:40–41, Mark 12:9, Luk 20:15b–16). 

"The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone." 
(Mat 21:42–46, Mark 12:10–12, Luk 20:17–19). Jesus is this cornerstone 
(Acts 4:11, Eph 2:19–22, 1 Pet 2:6–8, Rom 9:33, Psalm 118:22, 
Isaiah 8:13–14, 28:16). When they built houses in ancient times, they used
stones as the foundation for their buildings. A single stone was then used as the 
cornerstone for the rest of these stones. Everything rested on the cornerstone,
they were lined up after it. That's why the cornerstone is a picture on Jesus.

The fig tree is also a picture of the nation of Israel, see Jesus Curses the Fig Tree in Jesus' Last Days before his Crucifixion. The temple and most of Jerusalem were destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD. The dispersion of the Jewish people began then.
It's called the Jewish diaspora and refers to the time when the Jewish people were removed from their land and taken captive by the nations of the world
(Luk 21:24). The state of Israel was re-established in 1948, see 
Israel Becomes a Country in The Prophecies of Isaiah.

Many Jews will come to faith in Jesus Christ during the Tribulation period, see
The 144,000 in the Book of Revelation. The Jewish people will be saved when the full number of Gentiles have come in (Rom 11:25–26), see The Depth of the Riches in The Book of Romans.

For information on other parables, see Jesus' Parables.